The energy transition will lead to a major structural change in production models, with macroeconomic implications that are still difficult to grasp. One particular concern relates to employment. Will the transition mean massive job losses and relocations due to higher production costs for companies and loss of competitiveness? Or, on the contrary, will it create growth and new opportunities, with the development of a large number of highly skilled, well-paid green jobs? In order to shed light on this debate, this Note presents a quantification of the employment effects of the energy transition, modelled by the introduction of a carbon tax of €100 per tonne of CO₂.